ВС РФ предлагает повысить сумму исков, которые рассматриваются в упрощенном порядке

Маргарита Горовцова

ВС РФ предлагает повысить сумму исков, которые рассматриваются в упрощенном порядке
Milkin / Depositphotos.com

Председатель ВС РФ Вячеслав Лебедев рассказал о планах по реформированию судопроизводства на пленарном заседании Совета судей РФ, которое состоялось вчера (текст выступления есть в распоряжении портала ГАРАНТ.РУ).

Он отметил, что ВС РФ выступает за увеличение сумм исков, которые рассматриваются в упрощенном порядке. В гражданском судопроизводстве предельный размер иска будет равен 500 тыс. руб., а в настоящее время – 100 тыс. руб. (ст. 232.2 ГПК РФ). По арбитражным делам границу планируется поднять до 800 тыс. руб. для ИП и до 1 млн 600 тыс. руб. для организаций. Сегодня эти показатели составляют соответственно 400 тыс. руб и 800 тыс. руб. (п. 1 ч. 1 ст. 227 АПК РФ).

Вячеслав Лебедев подчеркнул эффективность института приказного производства. Так, в 2020 году суды общей юрисдикции вынесли приказы при рассмотрении 85% гражданских дел и 91% административных дел, а арбитражные суды рассмотрели в приказном порядке 16% дел.

Учитывая это, Председатель ВС РФ предложил увеличить суммы, подлежащие взысканию в приказном порядке в гражданском и арбитражном судопроизводстве, до 1 млн руб. В настоящее время приказы выносятся по заявлениям с суммой требований не более 500 тыс. руб. (ст. 121 ГПК РФ, ст. 229.2 АПК РФ).

А по экономическим спорам, возникающим из публичных правоотношений, может быть введен обязательный досудебный порядок урегулирования. В том числе это относится к спорам в сфере антимонопольного и таможенного законодательства.

Вячеслав Лебедев рассказал, что ВС РФ собирается вернуться к обсуждению проекта, который дает судам право выносить по некоторым категориям дел только резолютивную часть решения. Мотивировочная же часть будет составляться только по заявлению участника судопроизводства или при подаче апелляционной жалобы. Например, такой порядок планируется ввести в отношении дел о взыскании задолженности по договорным обязательствам.

Напомним, с аналогичной инициативой1 ВС РФ выступил в феврале 2018 года, но она не получила одобрение Госдумы. В ходе рассмотрения законопроекта председатель Комитета Госдумы по государственному строительству и законодательству Павел Крашенинников заметил, что отказ от мотивировочной части судебного решения привел бы к нарушению принципа защиты прав как истца, так и ответчика и нарушил бы принципы гражданского процесса.

«Это предложение было отклонено законодателем, и в настоящее время в условиях возрастающей судебной нагрузки следует возвратиться к его обсуждению, учитывая, что большинство решений судов первой инстанции не обжалуются», – прокомментировал Вячеслав Лебедев. В настоящее время, напомним, только мировые судьи могут не выносить мотивированное решение (ч. 3 ст. 199 ГПК РФ).

По каким правилам арбитражный суд должен рассмотреть кассационную жалобу, если к моменту ее поступления уже была рассмотрена кассационная жалоба от другого лица? Узнайте из Энциклопедии судебной практики системы ГАРАНТ. Получите полный доступ на 3 дня бесплатно!

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Еще одна возможная новелла – это единоличное рассмотрение дела в апелляции по имущественным спорам при цене иска, не превышающей 1 млн. руб. Исключение составят дела о наследовании и дела о защите интеллектуальной собственности. Сегодня есть только один случай, когда в апелляции дело рассматривается единолично – это обжалование решений мировых судей (ч. 3 ст. 7 ГПК РФ). И эта практика, по словам Вячеслава Лебедева, хорошо себя зарекомендовала.

Что касается протоколов судебного заседания, то в будущем от их бумажной формы могут отказаться. Правда, для этого нужно сначала решить проблему доступности аудиопротоколов для тех, кто содержится под стражей или отбывает наказание в местах лишения свободы. По словам Вячеслава Лебедева, не все из этих граждан сегодня могут ознакомиться с аудиопротоколом, иногда это затруднительно. Кстати, соответствующие поправки для устранения этого недостатка ВС РФ также намерен внести в законодательство.

В планах ВС РФ есть и привлечение судей, пребывающих в отставке, к осуществлению правосудия в нижестоящем суде или в иной территориальной юрисдикции. Сегодня судьи в отставке уже могут быть судебными примирителями (п. 3 ст. 153.6 ГПК РФ, п. 3 ст. 138.5 АПК РФ, п. 3 ст. 137.6 КАС РФ).

Кроме того, до конца года высший суд намерен принять два постановления Пленума ВС РФ:

о некоторых вопросах досудебного урегулирования споров, рассматриваемых в порядке гражданского и арбитражного судопроизводства; о судебной практике по делам о преступлениях против интересов службы в коммерческих и иных организациях, предусмотренных гл. 23 УК РФ.

А в некоторые постановления Пленума ВС РФ будут внесены поправки в связи с изменениями в законодательстве. Это касается постановлений о присуждении компенсации за нарушение права на судопроизводство и исполнение судебного акта в разумный срок, о применении судами особого порядка судебного разбирательства по уголовным делам, а также о судебной экспертизе и о рассмотрении уголовных дел в судах кассационной инстанции.

_____________________________

1 С текстом законопроекта № 383208-7 «О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации (о реформе процессуального законодательства)» и материалами к нему можно ознакомиться на официальном сайте Госдумы.

Источник: garant.ru

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