Елена Самтынова
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Правительство РФ утвердило правила, которые определяют цели, порядок и условия предоставления государственной поддержки банкам для образовательного кредитования в форме субсидии на возмещение части затрат на уплату процентов по образовательным кредитам, которые предоставляются гражданам, поступившим в организации среднего профессионального и высшего образования (Постановление Правительства РФ от 15 сентября 2020 года № 1448). Напомним, в августе кабинет министров принял решение об установлении льготной ставки 3% для образовательных кредитов, о чем портал ГАРАНТ.РУ писал ранее.
Для получения предоставления такой субсидии Минобрнауки России проводит отбор банков и иных кредитных организаций. Критериями такого отбора являются:
наличие у кредитной организации собственного капитала в размере не менее 20 млрд. руб.; осуществление кредитной организацией своей деятельности не менее 5 лет (без учета срока реорганизаций); кредитная организация должна иметь статус налогового резидента РФ и зарегистрирована на территории РФ; кредитная организация должна подтверждать в свободной форме обязательства соблюдения предъявляемых к ним требований в связи с выдачей образовательного кредита. В число таких требований входят невзимание дополнительных платежей, в том числе комиссий, своевременное направление кредитных средств (один раз в семестр или учебный год) на банковский счет обучающегося гражданина с последующим перечислением на счет образовательной организации, предоставление заемщику права на частичное или полное досрочное погашение задолженности по образовательному кредиту без комиссии и штрафных санкций и другие.
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Кроме того, правила предусматривают для банков условия, которые должны быть предусмотрены ими в процессе кредитования в отношении заемщика. Так, например, фиксированная ставка за пользование образовательным кредитом должна составлять 3% годовых; к заемщику не предъявляется требование по обеспечению кредита; банк дает заемщику отсрочку на льготный период пользования образовательным кредитом (допускается возможность пролонгации льготного периода в случае академического отпуска и отпуска по беременности и родам, отпуска по уходу за ребенком до достижения им возраста 3 лет) по выплате основного долга по образовательному кредиту или части процентов; заемщик после завершения обучения возвращает образовательный кредит в течение срока, не превышающего 180 месяцев со дня окончания льготного периода пользования образовательным кредитом и другие условия.
Правила определяют порядок подачи кредитной организацией заявки, порядок и сроки ее рассмотрения Минобрнауки России, а также условия заключения и расторжения соглашения о предоставлении субсидии. Минобрнауки России наряду с органами госфинконтроля уполномочено осуществлять обязательные проверки соблюдения целей, порядка и условий предоставления субсидии банку для образовательного кредитования.
Соответствующее правительственное постановление вступает в силу с 1 января 2021 года, его действие продлится до 1 января 2027 года.
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