Екатерина Чернявская
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Согласно документу 1 января следующего года начнется поэтапное увеличение возраста, по достижении которого у граждан будет появляться право на получение страховой пенсии по старости. К 2023 году этот возраст будет составлять 60 лет для женщин и 65 лет для мужчин (Федеральный закон от 3 октября 2018 г. № 350-ФЗ «О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации по вопросам назначения и выплаты пенсий»).
Отметим, что в 2019 и 2020 годах годах у граждан будет право оформить пенсию на полгода раньше. Указанным федеральным законом также со следующего года закрепляется право досрочного выхода на пенсию для многодетных матерей, увеличение размера максимального пособия по безработице для людей предпенсионного возраста, а также право на досрочный выход на пенсию для женщин со стажем 37 лет и для мужчин со стажем 42 года.
Также в рамках пенсионной реформы подписан еще ряд федеральных законов. В частности, об уголовной ответственности за увольнение лиц предпенсионного возраста с 1 января 2019 года в форме штрафа в размере до 200 тыс. руб. или в размере заработной платы или иного дохода осужденного за период до 18 месяцев либо обязательных работ на срок до 360 часов (Федеральный закон от 3 октября 2018 г. № 352-ФЗ «О внесении изменения в Уголовный кодекс Российской Федерации»). Напомним, что под таким возрастом будет пониматься период продолжительностью до пяти лет, предшествующий назначению лицу страховой пенсии по старости.
Другим законом Трудовой кодекс дополнен новой ст. 185.1, регламентирующий предоставление работникам гарантий при прохождении диспансеризации. Так, со следующего года для ее проведения раз в три года сотрудники будут освобождаться от работы на один рабочий день. При этом у работников предпенсионного возраста, а также получателей пенсии по старости или за выслугу лет при прохождении диспансеризации появится право на освобождение от работы на два рабочих дня один раз в год с сохранением места работы и среднего заработка (Федеральный закон от 3 октября 2018 г. № 353-ФЗ «О внесении изменения в Трудовой кодекс Российской Федерации»).
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