ФНП рассказала, на что обратить внимание при покупке земельного участка

Маргарита Горовцова

ФНП рассказала, на что обратить внимание при покупке земельного участка
olenka-2008 / Depositphotos.com

ФНП дала рекомендации1 россиянам, которые собираются приобрести земельный участок для индивидуального жилищного строительства, садоводства или ведения подсобного хозяйства. Нотариусы выделили ряд правовых рисков при покупке земли и рассказали, как их снизить.

Прежде всего стоит посмотреть на дату оформления свидетельства. Риски есть, если он выдано ранее 1998 года. Палата поясняет, что реестр прав на недвижимое имущество появился в 1998 году (Федеральный закон от 21 июля 1997 г. №122-ФЗ «О государственной регистрации прав на недвижимое имущество и сделок с ним»; утратил силу). В этот реестр заносились права на недвижимое имущество, возникшие позднее. Права, которые возникли до создания реестра, признаются государством, однако до совершения сделки важно понять, нет ли на имуществе арестов или запретов — а это можно сделать только в том случае, если владелец зарегистрирует свое право в ЕГРН.

ФНП рассматривает также ситуацию, когда в качестве документа, подтверждающего право на имущество, продавец представляет свидетельство о праве на наследство. Безопаснее в таком случае сначала попросить продавца внести соответствующие сведения в ЕГРН, а уже после этого — проводить сделку.

Нотариусы подчеркивают, что сведения о некоторых ограничениях, установленных в отношении использования участка, могут быть зафиксированы в ЕГРН только по тем участкам, границы которых установлены в соответствии с законодательством. К таким ограничениям относятся публичные сервитуты, зоны с особым использованием территорий (природоохранные зоны, зоны культурного наследия) и т.д.

Быстро и правильно оформить договор купли-продажи земельных участков поможет Конструктор правовых документов системы ГАРАНТ. Попробовать сейчас/

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Так, например, бывает, что семья хотела бы построить жилой дом, но участок относится к землям сельхозназначения, на которых делать этого нельзя. Или приобретатели не учитывают, что строение, которое находится на участке, является объектом культурного наследия, и планы о том, чтобы его снести и построить современный коттедж, не сбудутся. Эти моменты также стоит прояснить до покупки.

Особое внимание следует уделить участкам, которые не размежеваны. Нотариусы предупреждают: покупка такой земли несет в себе высокие риски.

Дело в том, что если границы участка не определены, регистратор может приостановить регистрацию или отказать в ней (п. 5 ч. 1 ст. 26 Федерального закона от 13 июля 2015 г. № 218-ФЗ «О государственной регистрации недвижимости»). Но даже если регистрация произошла, риски все равно есть. Могут возникнуть споры с владельцами соседних участков: иногда приходится передвигать забор, а порой случается, что построенный дом оказывается на соседской территории, что влечет за собой колоссальные проблемы.

Если планируется приобретение участка, на котором есть постройки, нотариусы советуют узнать, принадлежат ли эти постройки тому, кто продает вам землю. Если принадлежат, то они должны быть проданы и переданы покупателю одновременно с участком. А если нет — соглашаться на сделку рискованно, ведь собственник строений обладает преимущественным правом покупки участка. И если это право нарушено, сделка будет оспорена, а удастся ли взыскать с продавца земли деньги бывает затруднительно.

Чтобы снизить риски, ФНП советует оформлять сделку купли-продажи участка нотариально. Нотариусы, отмечает Палата, работают в режиме одного окна: самостоятельно получают необходимые сведения, удостоверяют сделку и направляют ее в регистрирующий орган. Договор, удостоверенный нотариусом, обладает повышенной доказательной силой, а сам нотариус несет полную имущественную ответственность за каждое совершенное нотариальное действие. Иными словами, если по вине нотариуса будет причинен ущерб, он будет полностью возмещен.

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1 С информацией можно ознакомиться на официальном сайте ФНП России (https://notariat.ru/ru-ru/news/pravo-na-zemlyu-sovety-ekspertov-notariata-po-dachnym-voprosam).

Источник: garant.ru

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