Екатерина Чернявская,
Павел Ерин
TarasMalyarevich / Depositphotos.com
К такому выводу пришли эксперты службы Правового консалтинга компании «Гарант» в рамках индивидуальной правовой консультации. Перед организацией встал вопрос: вправе ли она выдавать и направлять доверенности контрагентам посредством электронного документооборота? Также отсутствовала ясность и в том, может ли она заверять учредительные документы, в том числе выданные доверенности, посредством электронного документооборота и направлять их контрагентам?
Специалисты напомнили, что, по общему правилу, информация в электронной форме, подписанная квалифицированной электронной подписью, считается электронным документом, равнозначным бумажному, подписанному собственноручной подписью. Исключение – случаи, когда существует нормативное требование составлять тот или иной документ исключительно на бумажном носителе (ч. 1 ст. 6 Федерального закона от 6 апреля 2011 г. № 63-ФЗ «Об электронной подписи», далее – закон об электронной подписи). Вместе с тем они обратили внимание на тот факт, что если информация в электронной форме подписана простой или неквалифицированной электронными подписями, то она признается электронным документом, равнозначным документу, подписанному собственноручной подписью в случаях, определенных законами или соглашением между участниками электронного взаимодействия (ч. 2 ст. 6 закона об электронной подписи).
Нужна электронная подпись? Удостоверяющий центр ГАРАНТ поможет подобрать и приобрести сертификат электронной подписи и для юридического, и для физического лица.
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Однако, как заключили эксперты, действующим законодательством не регламентированы случаи и порядок составления в электронной форме учредительных документов и доверенностей, таким образом, их направление контрагентам не нарушает законодательство. Но если такие документы подписаны не квалифицированной электронной подписью, а другим ее видом, то для исключения разногласий стоит заключить соглашение, в котором регламентировать условия признания электронных документов равнозначными бумажными. Специалисты добавили, что при составлении учредительных документов и доверенности в электронной форме с использованием неквалифицированной электронной подписи в соглашении нужно предусмотреть порядок ее проверки. Причем при использовании простой электронной подписи в нем нужно указать:
каким образом будут определяться лица, подписывающие электронный документ, по его простой электронной подписи;обязанность лица, создающего или использующего ключ простой электронной подписи, соблюдать его конфиденциальность (ч. 2 ст. 6, ч. 2 ст. 9 закона об электронной подписи).
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