Наталья Ключевская
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Группа депутатов Госдумы во главе с Сергеем Мироновым внесла в нижнюю палату парламента соответствующий законопроект.
Предлагается дополнить Гражданский кодекс новой статьей, закрепив в ней минимальные размеры компенсации морального вреда за каждый день незаконного:
уголовного преследования на этапе предварительного расследования и судебного следствия (при условии, что к гражданину не применялись меры пресечения в виде подписки о невыезде, запрета определенных действий, домашнего ареста и заключения под стражу) – не менее 1 тыс. руб.; применения мер пресечения в виде домашнего ареста, подписки о невыезде, запрета определенных действий – не менее 5 тыс. руб.; содержания несовершеннолетнего под стражей либо лишения свободы, а также незаконного применения мер медицинского характера и мер воспитательного воздействия – не менее 15 тыс. руб.
В случае одобрения инициативы1 указанные нижние пределы компенсации морального вреда начнут применяться с 1 января 2020 года. При этом они ежегодно должны будут индексироваться с учетом уровня инфляции.
Подчеркивается, что законопроектом предусмотрен только нижний порог компенсаций – суд вправе назначать и большие суммы. «Мы лишь предлагаем минимальные гарантии выплат для граждан, которые оказались невинными жертвами судебно-следственной системы. Что особенно актуально с учетом обвинительного уклона нашего правосудия», – отметил Сергей Миронов.
Является ли явное несоответствие между характером страданий и размером компенсации морального вреда основанием для отмены соответствующего судебного решения? Узнайте из «Энциклопедии судебной практики» в интернет-версии системы ГАРАНТ. Получите полный доступ на 3 дня бесплатно!
Также в числе предлагаемых поправок – необходимость учета результатов назначенной судом экспертизы при принятии решения о возмещении морального вреда. По мнению парламентариев, такое уточнение устранит неясность в основаниях принятия судебного решения о размере компенсации. Напомним, сегодня размер компенсации морального вреда определяется судом в зависимости от характера причиненных потерпевшему физических и нравственных страданий, а также степени вины причинителя вреда в случаях, когда вина является основанием возмещения вреда. При этом учитываются требования разумности и справедливости (п. 2 ст. 1101 ГК РФ).
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1 С текстом законопроекта № 729341-7 «О внесении изменений в Гражданский кодекс Российской Федерации в части установления минимального размера компенсации морального вреда за незаконное уголовное преследование» и материалами к нему можно ознакомиться на официальном сайте Госдумы.
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