Валерия Зеновина
Палата подвергла критике соответствующий законопроект1 – он был внесен в Госдуму еще в 2012 году, и только в январе текущего года поступил в профильный комитет нижней палаты российского парламента. Если его одобрят, то в состав квалификационной комиссии, которая принимает экзамен на адвоката, не смогут входить граждане, занимающие государственные и муниципальные должности.
Действующее законодательство не устанавливает ограничение для лиц, занимающих такие должности, однако аналогичный запрет касается депутатов, а также государственных и муниципальных служащих (п. 3 ч. 2 ст. 33 Федерального закона от 31 мая 2002 г. № 63-ФЗ «Об адвокатской деятельности и адвокатуре в Российской Федерации»; далее – закон об адвокатуре»). По мнению автора инициативы, депутата Госдумы Николая Арьефьева, перечень лиц, на которых распространяются указанные ограничения, необходимо расширить, чтобы избежать коррупциионных правонарушений. Парламентарий отмечал, что действующее законодательство позволяет, например, министрам входить в квалификационные комиссии представителями от законодательных органов государственной власти субъектов РФ.
ФПА РФ же считает, что данный законопроект принимать не следует. Отмечается, что сама концепция закона об адвокатуре предусматривает участие всех ветвей государственной власти в управлении делами адвокатуры – на региональном уровне. И такой механизм, по оценке адвокатов, уже продемонстрировал свою эффективность. Более того, по их данным, неизвестен ни один случай совершения членами квалификационных комиссий коррупционных действий.
Также Палата назвала предлагаемое ограничение избыточным. Она обосновала это тем, что аналогичный запрет для депутатов, а также государственных и муниципальных служащих основан на требованиях специальных законов, регулирующих их правовой статус.
Кроме того, подчеркивается, что законопроект не определил круг лиц, уполномоченных представлять законодательный орган государственной власти субъекта РФ, а также порядок их избрания в состав квалификационной комиссии. По мнению ФПА РФ, ограничение полномочий органов региональной власти может привести к проблеме выбора представителей.
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