Общественники разрабатывают стратегию действий в интересах людей с инвалидностью

Валерия Зеновина

Общественники разрабатывают стратегию действий в интересах людей с инвалидностью
Об этом рассказал член ОП РФ Андрей Царёв в ходе круглого стола «Проблемы реализации Конвенции ООН о правах инвалидов», который состоялся в Палате вчера. Национальную стратегию действий в интересах людей с инвалидностью в настоящее время готовит Координационный совет по делам детей-инвалидов и других лиц с ограничениями жизнедеятельности при ОП РФ. Предполагается, что она позволит объединить общественные и государственные усилия для помощи лицам с ограничениями жизнедеятельности.

По оценке экспертов, недостатки и трудности в реализации Конвенции о правах инвалидов от 13 декабря 2006 года связаны с тем, что принимаемые меры являются разнонаправленными, что иногда приводит в том числе к не вполне рациональному расходованию ресурсов. А для реализации Конвенции необходим комплекс мер, но они должны приниматься в едином направлении.

Напомним, в соответствии с указанным документом, к общим принципам, которые должны соблюдать государства-участники, относятся: уважение присущего человеку достоинства, недискриминация, полное и эффективное вовлечение и включение в общество, равенство возможностей и ряд других (ст. 3 Конвенции). Добавим, что Россия ратифицировала данную Конвенцию в 2012 году (Федеральный закон от 3 мая 2012 г. № 46-ФЗ «О ратификации Конвенции о правах инвалидов»).

Какие именно положения войдут в стратегию общественников – пока не уточняется, однако ОП РФ планирует учесть существующие сегодня проблемы в сфере помощи инвалидам, на которые указали участники мероприятия.

Так, по словам члена ОП РФ Елены Тополевой-Солдуновой, люди с инвалидностью в силу объективно понятных причин (из-за существующих в настоящее время барьеров) не всегда могут принять активное участие в разработке политики и практик, которые их касаются. В то же время она подчеркнула, что инвалиды должны участвовать в подготовке решений, затрагивающих их интересы.

Одним из ключевых направлений помощи инвалидам эксперты считают их трудоустройство. К слову, труду и занятости посвящена отдельная статья Конвенции. В частности, запрещена дискриминация по признаку инвалидности в отношении всех вопросов, касающихся всех форм занятости, включая условия приема на работу, найма и занятости, сохранения работы, продвижения по службе и безопасных и здоровых условий труда (подп. «а» ч. 1 ст. 27 Конвенции). Вице-президент ассоциации «БезБарьерный Альянс» Владислав Ершов также указал, что единственной рациональной формой благотворительности является предоставление гражданам оплачиваемого труда.

Какие критерии, наряду со способностью к трудовой деятельности, влияют на определение группы инвалидности? Узнайте из материала «Инвалидность» в «Домашней правовой энциклопедии». Получите бесплатный доступ на 3 дня!

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При этом сам характер деятельности работающих инвалидов также имеет значение, поскольку именно он позволяет им определить свое место в обществе. По мнению Президента АНО «Белая трость» Олега Колпащикова, инклюзия – это не просто мероприятия с участием инвалидов, а включение такого человека в общество и общественные процессы. Предполагается, что при этом люди с инвалидностью должны взаимодействовать с представителями других социальных групп с целью создания продукта, который бы обладал ценностью для как можно большего количества граждан, а не только самих инвалидов.

Однако решение проблемы трудоустройства, как представляется, не может исчерпать все трудности, с которыми сталкиваются инвалиды. Эксперты обращают внимание на то, что с трудоустройством тесно связан вопрос занятости, ведь инвалидам также нужно удержаться на рабочих местах, что не исключает необходимости их сопровождения.

Кроме того, у лиц с ограниченными возможностями здоровья могут возникнуть проблемы и при необходимости добраться на работу – проблему доступной среды и отсутствия барьеров участники мероприятия также посчитали все еще не решенной.

Ряд трудностей может быть связан и с оформлением необходимой документации для инвалидов. По словам проректора по методической работе и инклюзивному образованию Российского государственного социального университета Альбины Бикбулатовой, часто специалисты не совсем корректно и грамотно вносят записи в карточки инвалидов при проведении медико-социальной экспертизы, что мешает последним при поступлении в учебные заведения и трудоустройстве. Для устранения данного барьера она предложила проводить сертификацию соответствующих специалистов.

Также эксперты подчеркнули, что общественные организации должны активно привлекаться к деятельности по снижению барьеров для лиц с ограниченными возможностями здоровья. Например, Олег Колпащиков заявил, что именно общественные организации должны первыми применять положения Конвенции – те, которые они считают важными для общества.

Отметим, что многие госорганы сегодня ориентированы на снижение барьеров для инвалидов. В частности, с 1 января текущего года в Федеральную государственную информационную систему «Федеральный реестр инвалидов» передаются данные из Федерального бюро медико-социальной экспертизы. Альбина Бикбулатова выразила уверенность, что данная система поможет межведомственному взаимодействию, а заодно позволит применять индивидуальный подход при работе с людьми с инвалидностью.

Источник: garant.ru

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