Екатерина Чернявская,
Наталия Павлова
leungchopan / Depositphotos.com
К такому выводу пришли эксперты службы Правового консалтинга компании «Гарант» в рамках индивидуальной правовой консультации. Перед организацией встал вопрос: можно ли передать ЭЦП другому лицу по доверенности? При этом ее конкретный вид не уточнялся.
Нужна электронная подпись? Удостоверяющий центр ГАРАНТ поможет подобрать и приобрести сертификат электронной подписи и для юридического, и для физического лица.
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Специалисты напомнили о том, что одним из требований, которым должна соответствовать квалифицированная ЭП, является требование об указании ключа ее проверки в квалифицированном сертификате (п. 1 ч. 4 ст. 5 Федерального закона от 6 апреля 2011 г. № 63-ФЗ «Об электронной подписи», далее – закон об электронной подписи). Они отметили, что при использовании усиленных ЭП участники электронного взаимодействия обязаны обеспечивать конфиденциальность их ключей и не допускать использование таких ключей без их согласия (п. 1 ст. 10 закона об электронной подписи). Однако эксперты пояснили, что эта норма вовсе не означает передачу права использования усиленной ЭП другому лицу на основании какого-либо распорядительного документа либо доверенности. По их мнению, она лишь указывает на техническую возможность простановки ЭП другим лицом, к примеру, техническим специалистом, с согласия и под контролем владельца сертификата ключа проверки ЭП, причем такого же мнения придерживаются и некоторые суды (апелляционное определение судебной коллегии по гражданским делам Челябинского областного суда от 14 декабря 2015 г. по делу № 11-14292/2015).
Специалисты добавили, что использование ЭП с нарушением конфиденциальности соответствующего ключа не освобождает владельца от ответственности за неблагоприятные последствия такого использования. Вместе с тем они обратили внимание на тот факт, что ограничения по количеству сертификатов, выдаваемых одному юрлицу, законодательством не установлены. А это позволяет оформить ЭП как на руководителя, так и на иное лицо, действующее на основании доверенности.
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