Наталья Ключевская
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Утверждено постановление Правительства РФ от 20 декабря 2019 г. № 1734. Документом внесены корректировки в Правила дорожного движения Российской Федерации, утв. постановлением Совета Министров – Правительства РФ от 23 октября 1993 г. № 1090, и Правила проведения экзаменов на право управления транспортными средствами и выдачи водительских удостоверений, утв. постановлением Правительства РФ от 24 октября 2014 г. № 1097.
Какие документы необходимо представить в Госавтоинспекцию гражданам, желающим сдать экзамены на право управления транспортным средством? Узнайте из Домашней правовой энциклопедии в системе ГАРАНТ. Получите бесплатный доступ на 3 дня!
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Ключевым изменением является исключение практического экзамена по первоначальным навыкам управления транспортным средством. Речь идет о проверке первоначальных навыков управления транспортным средством, которые по действующим правилам являются частью практической квалификационной работы при проведении экзамена в автошколе. Лица, не прошедшие такую проверку, не допускаются ко второму этапу экзамена, проводимому в условиях дорожного движения.
«Комплекс упражнений на экзаменационной площадке позволяет проверить умение кандидата в водители осуществлять параллельную парковку, движение и маневрирование задним ходом, въезд в бокс задним ходом, разворот в ограниченном пространстве, остановку и начало движения на подъеме и прочее», – отмечают разработчики поправок. Поскольку данные упражнения лишь имитируют ощущение управления транспортным средством в условиях реального дорожного движения, решено исключить практический экзамен по первоначальным навыкам управления транспортным средством. При этом практический экзамен в условиях дорожного движения дополнен проверкой основных умений и навыков, которые в настоящее время проверяются на экзаменационной площадке. В частности, проверку первоначальных навыков управления транспортным средством предполагается проводить в начале практического экзамена перед выездом на дорогу. Такая мера призвана исключить допуск к управлению автомобилем в условиях дорожного движения слабоподготовленного кандидата в водители, а также обеспечить безопасность при проведении практического экзамена.
Также постановлением1 предусмотрены:
включение в ПДД новых терминов – «обучающий вождению» и «обучающийся вождению»; снятие запрета на осуществление учебной езды на автомагистралях с конкретизацией особенностей организации такой езды; уточнение возраста, с которого обучаемый вождению может быть допущен к учебной езде (для мотоциклов подкатегории «А1» или мопеда – не менее 15 лет, для легковых или грузовых автомобилей – не менее 16 лет, для мотоциклов категории «А» – не менее 17 лет, для автобусов, троллейбусов и трамваев – не менее 20 лет; сохранение практического экзамена на мототранспортных средствах (на площадках, закрытых от движения иных транспортных средств и пешеходов); возможность проведения экзамена в составе организованных групп кандидатов в водители (порядок взаимодействия подразделений Госавтоинспекции с организациями, осуществляющими образовательную деятельность, при проведении экзаменов на право управления транспортными средствами определит МВД России); конкретизация минимальных и максимальных сроков проведения повторных экзаменов для лиц, не сдавших соответствующий экзамен; уточнение перечня маневров, подтверждающих навыки управления транспортным средством соответствующей категории, которые проверяются при проведении практического экзамена на право управления транспортными средствами категорий «А» и «М» и подкатегории «А1»; закрепление случаев аннулирования результатов экзамена (удовлетворение жалобы кандидата в водители на результат проведения экзамена, признание необходимых документов подложными или поддельными, получение от компетентного органа иностранного государства информации об отсутствии сведений о выдаче иностранного водительского удостоверения в случае его обмена, проведение экзамена с нарушением установленных требований); расширение перечней документов, необходимых для выдачи международного водительского удостоверения и для его обмена; обновление требований к маршрутам, на которых проводятся практические экзамены.
Большинство поправок вступят в силу с 1 октября 2020 года. Ожидается, что их реализация позволит усовершенствовать систему допуска граждан к управлению транспортными средствами.
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1 С текстом постановления Правительства РФ от 20 декабря 2019 г. № 1734 «О внесении изменений в некоторые акты Правительства Российской Федерации по вопросам допуска граждан к управлению транспортными средствами» можно ознакомиться на официальном сайте Правительства РФ.
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