В Госдуму внесен законопроект о цифровом профиле граждан и юрлиц

Наталья Ключевская

В Госдуму внесен законопроект о цифровом профиле граждан и юрлиц
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Соответствующие поправки подготовлены членами Совета Федерации Владимиром Кравченко, Любовью Глебовой и Михаилом Пономаревым.

Предлагается дополнить Федеральный закон от 27 июля 2006 г. № 149-ФЗ «Об информации, информационных технологиях и о защите информации» новой статьей, посвященной правовому регулированию цифрового профиля. Под таковым понимается совокупность сведений о гражданах и юрлицах, содержащихся в информационных системах государственных органов, органов местного самоуправления и организаций, осуществляющих отдельные публичные полномочия, а также в единой системе идентификации и аутентификации. Инфраструктура цифрового профиля нацелена на обмен сведениями в электронной форме между физическими лицами, организациями, госорганами и органами местного самоуправления.

Согласно поправкам1 инфраструктура цифрового профиля позволит обеспечивать:

идентификацию и аутентификацию физических и юридических лиц; доступ к цифровому профилю и предоставление сведений из него в электронной форме физическим и юридическим лицам; предоставление и обновление по запросу органов власти, организаций, осуществляющих отдельные публичные полномочия, и иных организаций сведений о физическом или юридическом лице, содержащихся в цифровом профиле; получение и отзыв согласия на обработку персональных данных граждан и сведений о юрлицах в случаях, предусматривающих получение сведений о гражданине или юрлице с использованием инфраструктуры цифрового профиля; предоставление сведений для формирования запросов на получение государственных и муниципальных услуг или исполнение государственных и муниципальных функций; хранение сведений о гражданах и юрлицах, в т. ч. результатов предоставления государственных и муниципальных услуг в электронной форме.

Кроме того, законопроектом планируется регламентировать порядок идентификации и аутентификации лица. В частности, предусмотрена возможность идентификации и аутентификации лица с помощью удостоверения личности гражданина и других идентификаторов, позволяющих достоверно определить соответствующее физическое или юридическое лицо. Полномочия по установлению требований к идентификаторам и утверждению их перечня может получить Правительство РФ. При этом определен закрытый перечень лиц, уполномоченных подтверждать верность идентификатора или ранее проведенной идентификации и аутентификации – кредитные организации, операторы подвижной радиотелефонной связи, операторы связи, занимающие существенное положение в сети связи общего пользования и самостоятельно оказывающие услуги связи по передаче данных, операторы государственных информационных систем, иные организации, соответствующие установленным требованиям.

Одновременно в Госдуму внесен законопроект2, направленный на совершенствование регулирования в сфере электронной подписи. Он содержит нормы, регулирующие процедуры установления и проверки полномочий лица, использующего электронную подпись в различных информационных системах. Например, вводится понятие метки доверенного времени – достоверной информации в электронной форме о дате и времени подписания электронного документа электронной подписью. Также предлагается внедрение и использование машиночитаемых доверенностей в целях подтверждения полномочий в цифровой среде.

Ряд поправок касается полномочий удостоверяющих центров (УЦ) и требований к порядку их аккредитации и деятельности. Так, УЦ могут получить полномочия по хранению ключа электронной подписи, ключ проверки которой содержится в квалифицированном сертификате с обеспечением его защиты от компрометации и несанкционированного использования. В данном случае речь идет и создании при помощи указанного ключа по поручению владельца квалифицированного сертификата электронной подписи с использованием средств электронной подписи, имеющих подтверждение соответствия установленным требованиям. Что касается правил аккредитации и деятельности УЦ, то планируется ввести высокий порог собственного капитала УЦ и высокий порог страховой ответственности деятельности УЦ, сократить срок аккредитации УЦ до трех лет, а также ввести административную ответственность за нарушения работы УЦ технического характера и уголовную – за заведомо умышленные действия сотрудников УЦ.

Подобные изменения предлагаются к внесению и третьим законопроектом3, поступившим в Госдуму. Их инициатором выступила член Совета Федерации Людмила Бокова. При этом ранее Правительство РФ уже одобрило инициативы о введении институтов цифрового профиля.

______________________________

1 С текстом законопроекта № 747513-7 «О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты (в части уточнения процедур идентификации и аутентификации)» и материалами к нему можно ознакомиться на официальном сайте Госдумы. 2 С текстом законопроекта № 747528-7 «О внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Российской Федерации в связи с совершенствованием регулирования в сфере электронной подписи» и материалами к нему можно ознакомиться на официальном сайте Госдумы. 3 С текстом законопроекта № 747631-7 «О внесении изменений в федеральные законы «Об электронной подписи», «О защите прав юридических лиц и индивидуальных предпринимателей при осуществлении государственного контроля ( надзора) и муниципального контроля» и «Об аккредитации в национальной системе аккредитации» и материалами к нему можно ознакомиться на официальном сайте Госдумы.

Источник: garant.ru

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